The system supports both stitched panorama video and camera switching modes and creates video summaries based on queries to the sensor system. A prototype is currently installed at Alfheim Stadium in Norway, and in this article, we describe how the system can be used in real-time to playback events. Bagadus integrates a sensor system, a soccer analytics annotations system, and a video processing system using a video camera array. In this respect, Bagadus is a real-time prototype of a sports analytics application using soccer as a case study. Thus, this is a growing area of interest, both from a computer system view in managing the technical challenges and from a sport performance view in aiding the development of athletes. The importance of winning has increased the role of performance analysis in the sports industry, and this underscores how statistics and technology keep changing the way sports are played. This chapter describes these synchronization mechanisms that were designed, implemented, evaluated, and integrated in the Bagadus system. Second, to circumvent the need for software readjustment of color and brightness around the seams between cameras, the exposure settings were synchronized. First, to stitch frames together without visual artifacts and inconsistencies due to motion, the shutters in the cameras had to be synchronized with sub-millisecond accuracy. We faced two main synchronization challenges in the panorama generation process. To create such panoramas, each of our cameras covers one part of the field with small overlapping regions, where the individual frames are transformed and stitched together into a single view. Using our system, they are able to pan, tilt, and zoom interactively, independently over the entire field, from an overview shot to close-ups of individual players in arbitrary locations. Our panorama videos are designed to support several members of the trainer team at the same time. Due to proper camera synchronization, the produced panoramas exhibit neither ghosting effects nor other visual inconsistencies at the seams. Each Bagadus installation is capable of combining the video from five 2 K cameras into a single 50 fps cylindrical panorama video. The system is currently in use for soccer games at the Alfheim stadium for Tromsø IL and at the Ullevaal stadium for the Norwegian national soccer team. This is an essential part of our sports analytics system called Bagadus, which has several synchronization requirements. In our research, we require high-definition panorama videos generated in real time using several cameras in parallel. A critical aspect for visual quality in these systems is that the cameras are closely synchronized. Multi-camera systems are frequently used in applications such as panorama videos creation, free-viewpoint rendering, and 3D reconstruction.
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